What is microcontroller??
These microcontrollers are made to work on many embedded products and this is possible because it can be programmed. Program written in Assembly or C language are loaded into the chip and has made to perform a specific task.So the programmer can write specific program to perform specific tasks and load it, to make the MCU work. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications or other general purpose applications. Embedded products are the products which uses a microprocessor (or microcontroller) to do one task and one task only. A printer is an example of embedded system since the processor inside it performs only one task i.e. getting the data and printing it.
Software for a variety of applications can be loaded and run.Of course the reason a PC can perform many tasks is that it has RAM memory and an Operating system that loads the application software into RAM and lets the CPU run it.In an embedded system there is only one application software that is typically burned into ROM.An x86 PC is connected to various embedded products such as keyboard, printer, modem, disk controller, sound card, CD-ROM driver, mouse and so on. Each one of this has a microcontroller inside it that performs only one task. For example, inside every mouse there is a microcontroller that performs the task of finding the mouse position and sending it to PC.
Microcontrollers find many of applications some of them are:-
Only few are mentioned here but today in this digital world there are numerous applications of Microcontrollers.
After all this now what can you all do????
Still many posts will be posted about Microcontrollers and Assembly language programming so keep watching.
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The major technology-related trade show held in Las Vegas is over but the gadgets which made their first appearance to the pubic is still yet to get into the stores in all countries. Today i share some of the best gadgets that came out in Consumers Electronic Show ( CES ). I hope you all will like this gadgets.
- Sportis: If you want to check your stats while working out or going on a bike without losing focus on what you’re doing? Then this is the correct gadget, Sportiiiis a pair of glasses for a heads-up display that’s positioned in your secondary vision. You can create personalized profiles to maximize your workouts –tapping the unit switches between sensors for audio feedback and ANT+ compatible visual cues.Price of this gadget is $199
- Samsung Exhilarate: This year's CES brought a slew of new 4G LTE phones, but the Samsung Exhilarate's appeal doesn't come from its specs as much as its price: $50. Coming to AT&T's 4G network in the coming months, the Exhilarate will have a 4" Super AMOLED display, front- and rear facing cameras, and access to AT&T U-Verse Live TV. And it's environmentally friendly; the Exhilarate's made from 80% recycled post-consumer materials and features special modes for energy efficient operation.
- Razer Naga Hex Gaming Mouse: Usually when you are playing games, when u have to use multiple keys on keyboard along with mouse. This will be very difficult and makes one more irritated while playing. This Razer Naga Hex gaming mouse makes you to play a game without getting irritated by keys on keyboard and mouse.This comes with 6 mechanical thumb buttons optimized for role playing or multiplayer online battling, plus 11 programmable ones. Interchangeable thumb rests and an curved shape keeps your hand poised for action.Price of this gadget is $79.
- Polaroid SC 1630 Smart Camera: Many smartphones are emerging into the market now-a-days but only few of them have a smart camera. But this smartphone has 16-megapixel view, a 3X optical zoom and a 3.2” LCD screen.Hey not only that this comes with android OS and USB cord with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless.You can take amazing photos from this smart camera and edit photos using amazing apps from android and upload to social networking sites. This smart camera really rocked at CES. Hope you guys like this very much.
- SpareOne's 15yrs battery phone: The SmartOne which made waves in the firrst day of the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.If you look at the front of the phone, you’ll notice the buttons are easy-to-read and laid out like a regularphone. You can however preset numbers to make calls. It has no screen, a basic number pad, and relies on a single AA battery for power. It's not for daily use, of course; the $50 SpareOne, which can always dial 911 but needs a SIM card to make regular calls.
- Samsung Smart Evolution:
*Smart TV, with a promise that models bought now will in future be upgradeable through a simple add-on part.
*3D content for TVs.
*The 5in Note "phablet" (a phone/tablet), introduced in the UK in October 2011 but new to the US.
*Wi-Fi enabled cameras.
*A (very impressive) 55in Super OLED TV.
*A new ultrabook.
*An app winner who devised an app intended to run across Samsung Smart TVs, tablets and phones, who won $100,000.
- Ear Force Wireless Dolby Surround Sound Gaming Headset: Wireless audio domination is yours since the CD-quality signal uses dual band Wi-Fi for transmitting audio to/from your gaming console. The headset provides positionable, simulated 5.1 multichannel audio as well as Bluetooth pairing for answering mobile calls while gaming. Add equalization, volume limiter control and up to 15 hours of rechargeable power and this can send the audio to your home theater at the same time.And the price of this device is $219.
- Nokia Lumia 900: Many amazing smartphones has been released by Nokia in recent. But the Lumia family devices has got much more consumers responses than any other smartphones launched by Nokia. This amazing smartphone has become really smart with Windows OS. Many amazing features has made consumers to turn to this gadget.And this is specially built for U.S consumers.It comes with LTE-capable 4.3-inch screen. It shares same design as the 3G Lumia 800, but has a bigger 1840 mAH battery to give better performance on the power-hungry 4G network. Another amazing about this is camera.It's front and back cameras, the back camera has a wide-angle 28mm f/2.2 lens; the front-facing lens is f/2.8.
The SmartOne is making waves in the firrst day of the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.If you look at the front of the phone, you’ll notice the buttons are easy-to-read and laid out like a regularphone. You can however preset numbers to make calls.
Watch the video about this mobile:
This mobile has been made by a company, Spareone. This phone has been designed for emergency situations.This cellphone runs on single AA battery. You may know the problems that are facing by the consumers due to less battery backup's. And one should take care of charging their mobiles before going out so that they can make calls or SMS while they are out also.That's all of a big head ache. But this head ache has got a medicine by SpareOne company.The amazing battery life of 15 yrs makes one to forget about charging their batteries :P .
This phone also has many advantages. One another advantage other that battery life is emergency tool i.e. With a built in emergency flashlight and the ability to automatically transmit its location via the cell ID, SpareOne is the only reliable tool for urgent response during a crisis or natural disaster when AA batteries become the only source of power.
The phone will be available in Q1 2012 at the price of $49.99.
The International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) is a major technology-related trade show held each January in the Las Vegas Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. Not open to the public, the Consumer Electronics Association-sponsored show typically hosts previews of products and new product announcements.
Now in this post i am going to share who all the celebrities attending this great show:
Justin Bieber--Grammy-nominated platinum pop megastar, Justin Bieber, will be appearing with TOSY Robotics at this year's CES. Justin Bieber is helping TOSY unveil their new innovative entertainment robot.
Nicole "Snooki" Polizzi--Nicole “Snooki” Polizzi is best known for her role on the most talked about reality TV show Jersey Shore. She is a 4 foot 9 firecracker from New York who proudly shows off the lifestyle of being a guidette.
Source:http://www.cesweb.org
Washington, Jan 8 (ANI): An Arizonan engineer has come up with a wearable LED television that can be worn as a jacket and shows episodes of American animated sitcom, The Simpsons.
David Forbes, an electrical engineer by profession, was keen on building something really cool to wear at the Burning Man festival. So he re-purposed a comparatively simple flexible circuit board covered with LEDs.
He made the first with 30 rows of four LEDs each and then contracted a manufacturer to build 175 more of them. He attached them to an old coat and was able to build a display with a 160 x 120 resolution, which he notes on his blog is exactly half that of an iPod, Discovery News reported.
The set-up comprises a chip similar to that used in scaling down the images for security cameras , and another chip similar to the one used in controlling big LED signs used for advertisements. Forbes was able to put together his wearable display by adding a small set of circuits that convert video output of the iPod to the smaller resolution.
A full wrap-around display is priced at 39,995 dollars while a front-only will cost 24,995 dollars. Wait time is around four months. (ANI)
A full wrap-around display is priced at 39,995 dollars while a front-only will cost 24,995 dollars. Wait time is around four months. (ANI)
Technology is rapidly growing in the world.There might be some day in which things happen like self healing of electronics from damages due to temperature issues. The day is not so far..!!
University of Illinois engineers were able to create a method in which electronics with damaged circuits would be able to automatically repair themselves.The another shocking thing in this is that they are going to heal themselves with in 100 microseconds (100x10^-6 sec).
So in the upcoming years all the electronic gadgets uses this type of technology so that the gadgets will have long life and more durable.
The self healing technology involves creating circuits with gold lining and a layer of micro capsules. The damage for the circuits is mainly due to temperature effect. i.e circuits will get heated up and the heat will damage or cracks the circuit.
When such things happen due to temperature the microcapsules will automatically disperse themselves into the cracks, filling the gap and restoring conductivity to the circuit.
A group of scientists at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) has fabricated a working computer chip that is almost completely clear, the first of its kind. The new technology, called transparent resistive random access memory (TRRAM).
The new chip is similar in type to an existing technology known as complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) memory common commercial chips that provide the data storage for USB flash drives and other devices. Like CMOS devices, the new chip provides "non-volatile" memory, meaning that it stores digital information without losing data when it is powered off. Unlike CMOS devices, however, the new TRRAM chip is almost completely clear."It is a new milestone of transparent electronic systems," says researcher Jung Won Seo, who is the first author on the paper. "By integrating TRRAM device with other transparent electronic components, we can create a total see-through embedded electronic system."
"We are sure that TRRAM will become one of alternative devices to current CMOS-based flash memory in the near future after its reliability is proven and once any manufacturing issues are solved," says Professor Jae-Woo Park, who is Seo's co-advisor and co-author on the paper. He adds that the new devices have the potential to be manufactured cheaply because any transparent materials can be utilized as substrate and electrode. They also may not require incorporating rare elements such as Indium.
The fabricated TRRAM has a transmittance of 81% (including the substrate) in the visible region and an excellent switching behavior under3 V. The retention measurement suggests that the memory property of the TRRAM device could be maintained for more than 10 years. We believe that the TRRAM device presented in this work could be a milestone of future see-through electronic devices.
I think in future the iphone may be like the below image..!! :P
Intel may unveil its next generation of processors--nicknamed "Ivy Bridge"--in April, according to the latest reports. The Ivy Bridge chips for desktops and laptops promise a 37 percent performance increase over the current generation of Sandy Bridge processors.
The new Ivy Bridge CPUs use a 22-nanometer architecture, which makes them almost 30 percents smaller than the current chips, which use a 32nm architecture. Smaller chips mean lower power consumption (which is great for battery life) and more room for the integrated graphics chip. Ivy Bridge will support DirectX 11, Thunderbolt, and USB 3.0.
Taiwan-based trade publication DigiTimes reports that the first Ivy Bridge processors to launch will be quad-core desktop processors: the Core i7-3370 series and the Core i5-3570, 3550, and 3450. Because Ivy Bridge is backward-compatible with existing Sandy Bridge motherboards, desktop users should have an upgrade path available.
The first Ivy Bridge notebook chips to launch, according to DigiTimes, will be the Core i7 chips as well: The Core i7-3920QM, 3820QM, and 3720QM. Core i5 processors will pop up later.
Ivy Bridge will be smaller, more powerful, and more energy-efficient, and should be here in just a few months.
Source:http://www.pcworld.com
A Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) is an oscillating circuit whose output frequency changes in direct proportion to an input voltage. VCOs can be made to oscillate from a few Hertz to hundreds of GHz. Every wireless device in use today has some sort of voltage controlled oscillator inside it. For example, there is a least one VCO inside every cell phone that generates the Radio Frequency (RF) waves that are used to communicate by-directionally to the cell tower.
Here today i am going to share Voltage Controlled Oscillator circuit using IC-555 timer.
It is basically an Astable Multivibrator circuit with variable control voltage.We know that internally set voltage at the control voltage terminal is 2/3 Vcc. In this circuit, the control voltage is externally set by the potentiometer. With change in the control voltage, the upper threshold voltage changes and thus the time required to charge capacitor up-to upper threshold voltage changes . Similarly discharge time also changes.As a result the frequency of output voltage changes.
It is basically an Astable Multivibrator circuit with variable control voltage.We know that internally set voltage at the control voltage terminal is 2/3 Vcc. In this circuit, the control voltage is externally set by the potentiometer. With change in the control voltage, the upper threshold voltage changes and thus the time required to charge capacitor up-to upper threshold voltage changes . Similarly discharge time also changes.As a result the frequency of output voltage changes.
If the control voltage is increased the capacitor will take more time to charge and discharge and therefore frequency will decrease. On the other hand if control voltage is decreased the capacitor will take less time to charge and discharge, increasing the frequency of output signal. Thus by varying the control voltage we can change the frequency.
