Introduction to Microcontrollers

Posted by Unknown On Friday, March 16, 2012 0 comments
What is microcontroller??

A microcontroller sometimes abbreviated MCU is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals.A system designer using a general purpose microprocessor should add RAM,ROM,I/O ports and timers externally to make them functional. Although addition of all these make system bulkier and much more expensive but they have the advantage that the system designer or user can decide the RAM, ROM, I/O ports needed to fit the task.But this is not in the case of Microcontrollers. A microcontroller has CPU, fixed amount of RAM, ROM, I/O ports and timers all on a single chip.




These microcontrollers are made to work on many embedded products and this is possible because it can be programmed. Program written in Assembly or C language are loaded into the chip and has made to perform a specific task.So the programmer can write specific program to perform specific tasks and load it, to make the MCU work. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications or other general purpose applications. Embedded products are the products which uses a microprocessor (or microcontroller) to do one task and one task only. A printer is an example of embedded system since the processor inside it performs only one task i.e. getting the data and printing it.
Software for a variety of applications can be loaded and run.Of course the reason a PC can perform many tasks is that it has RAM memory and an Operating system that loads the application software into RAM and lets the CPU run it.In an embedded system there is only one application software that is typically burned into ROM.An x86 PC is connected to various embedded products such as keyboard, printer, modem, disk controller, sound card, CD-ROM driver, mouse and so on. Each one of this has a microcontroller inside it that performs only one task. For example, inside every mouse there is a microcontroller that performs the task of finding the mouse position and sending it to PC.

Microcontrollers find many of applications some of them are:-



Only few are mentioned here but today in this digital world there are numerous applications of Microcontrollers.

After all this now what can you all do????

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Still many posts will be posted about Microcontrollers and Assembly language programming so keep watching.
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